Oil or gas burner



A. G. SCHUMANN.

OIL 0R GAS BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED APR.14, 1921.

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APPLICATION FILED APR. I4, |921.

PatentedA ug. S, 1922.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 8, 1922.

VApplication led April 14, 1921. Serial No. 461,299.

T o all ywhom it may concern: p

Be it known that I, ALFRED G. SCHUMANN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil or Gas Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in gas and oil burners, and one of its objects is the provision of a novel device of this kind which shall be especially adapted for use in connection with open hearth and other metallurgical furnaces, in connection with which a wide variety of fuels, such as cokeoven gas, producer gas, oil, tar and the like, may be used, and in connection with which heated air under pressure or super-heated steam may be employed to atomize and spray the fuel.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a burner of the kind stated which shall be adapted to so thoroughly atomize the fuel and mix it with the atomizing and spraying agent as to permit the production of the maximum heat from a given quantity of fuel.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a burner of the kind stated which shall be provided at its tip with a plurality of fuel discharge ports from which will issue jets of combustible vapor uniting at a distance from the burner to produce a long column of iiaine the tip of which will impinge against and extend over the entire surface of the metal being treated, whereby to enable a better quality of steel to be produced in a shorter time than has heretofore been possible.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a burner 0f the kind stated wherein the fuel discharge ports shall be of various depths whereby to produce jets of .combustible vapor of various lengths, the

jets uniting at a distance from the burner to produce a column of flame having a tip which will impinge against the metal being treated at points in close proximity to the burner as well as points remote therefrom and produce a uniform temperature of high degree throughout the entire length and breadth of the furnace.

A still further Object 0f the invention is the provision of a burner of the kind stated wherein the jets of vaporized fuel issuing from the fuel discharge ports may be easil and quickly controlled whereby to permit the-del1very of the combustible vapor at anv desired distance from the burner into the furnace.

With the above and other objects in view, the burner consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure l is' a view in longitudinal section of a burner constructed in accordance with m invention.

igure 2 is a sectional view of the front end .of the burner on an enlarged scale.

Figure is a sectional view taken on the plane indicated by the line 3 3 of Figure l, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

Figure 4 is a view in tip of the-burner.

Figure is avsectional view taken on the plane indicated by the line 5`5 of Figure 2, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

Figure 6 is a detail plan view illustrating the formation of one of the vaporizing, mixingw'and discharge ports of the burner. l

igure 7 is a view in end elevation of the tip of a slightly modified form of the burner, and

Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 2 illustrating a further modified form ofthe burner.

end elevation of the Referring to the drawings by reference,

characters, l designates a casing through which the super-heated steam or heated air under pressure is forced. The steam or air is supplied to the casing 1 by a pipe 2 leadnig from any suitable source of supply and connected to the casing by a coupling 3. A tube 4C, which is smaller in diameter than the casing l and through which the fuel is forced, is arranged within the casing iii spaced relation thereto. The fuel, which may be coke-oven gas, producer gas, tar or oil, is fed under pressure to the tube 4: through a pipe 5 which leads from any suitable source of supply and which is equipped with a controlling valve 6, The fuel supply pipe 5 is connected to the coupling?) by a nipple 7. The rear end of the tube 4 'is reduced as at 8, and such end passes through the nipple 7 to establish communication between the pipe 5 and tube 4. Metallic packing 9 and a packing gland 10 are provided for the purpose of establishing a liquid pipe connection between the nipple 7 and the reduced end 8 of the tube 4. The tube 4 extends through the casing 1 to a point adjacent the forward end or tip thereof. The forward end of the tube 4 is reduced as 'at 11 and has removably connected therewith a nozzle 12. l

The nozzle 12 is substantially cylindrical in formation, it has a longitudinally ex-l tending bore 13, and its forward end is fully closed. It is threaded as at 14 to permit it to be removably connected to the tube 4. The nozzle 12 is supported in spaced relation to the casing 1 by rear ribs 15 and front ribs 16 which have a closeifit with the inner wall of the casing. The rear ribs 15 are merely spacing ribs, while the front ribs 16 in addition to being spacing ribs provide together with the casing 1 a plurality of ports 17 in which the fuel is atomized and mixed with the steam or air, and from which the resultant mixture passes in jets of combustible vapor. Apertures 18, extending radially'through the nozzle 12., establish communication between the bore 13 and the ports 17. The apertures 18 are located centrally between the ends of the ports 17.

The ports 17 have intermediate restricted portions 19 which are in length and width slightly greater than the diameter of theapertures 18 and within the planes of which the apertures are located. The ports 17 gradually decrease in width from their rear ends in the direction of the restricted portions 19 and gradually increase in width for the restricted portions in the direction of the tip of the burner, as clearly illustrated in Figure 6.

As illustrated in the drawings, the nozzle 12 is located wholly within the casing 1. The position of the front end of the nozzle 12 with respect to the front end or tip of the casing 1 may be varied by adjusting the nozzle on the tube 4 or by adjusting the tube 4 with respect to the casing.

From the foregoing, it should be apparent that the fuel is thoroughly atomized and mixed with the air or steam before it is discharged from they tip of the burner. It should be further apparent that, since the tip of the burner is provided with a plurality of ports 17 jets of highly combustible vapor will issue from the tip of the burner, and that the jets of highly combustible vapor will `unite at a distance from the burner and produce a long column of flame having a tip of wide area and of uniform `temperature throughout its entire area.` As

the jets of combustible vapor issue from the ports 17 at high velocity, and as the resultant flame has a tip of wide area and of uniform temperature throughout its entire area, the ,I flame will impinge against the entire surj ough that heavy fuel such as tar, crude oil and the like may be effectively used. It should also be apparent that the burner has a capacity for using lighter fuel such as coke-oven gas, producer gas and the like.y y

The length and intensity ofthe flame may be regulated by controlling the admission of air or steam to the casing 1 and fuel to the tube 4. The steam or air during its passage through the casing 1 travels about and along the tube 4 and asa consequence the fuel is `heated to a high degree before 1t issues from the apertures 18 into the ,ports 17.

In order to permit of the production of fuel jets of various lengths so that the re- A sulting flame will impinge against the metal being treated at points in close proximity to the burner as well as points remote therefrom with anequal heat intensity at all points, the fuel discharge ports are, as shown 1n Fi ure 7, made of various depths. The fuel dglscharge ports in this figure are deslgnated 17a, and by reference to this figure it will be seen that the two lowermost ports are the shallowest and that the ports. gradually increase in depth in opposite directions from the lowermost ports.

In Figure 8 a further modification of the burner is shown. This burner differs from the burner shown in Figures 1 to 6 inclusive only in that the casing 1 is provided with a flaring tip 1EL and that the front end of the burner 13 is located within and is similar in formation to the flaring tip.

When burning coke-oven gas oar producer gas, air under pressureis employed as the at omizing and spraying medium, and when using this fuel and atomizing and spraying medium means are provided by which the casing 1, the tube 4, and the nozzle 13 may be water cooled.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, it should be apparent that the burner 1s simple, durable and effective, that 1t may be manufactured and sold at a comparatively low cost, that it has capacity for the use of a wide variety of fuels, and that the flame produced has a wide tip of uniform temperature throughout its entire area. It should be further appa/rent, that the bllml' is especially adapted for use in connection with open hearth and l,other metallurgical furnaces. It may be effectively used in con nection with steam boiler furnaces of all kinds. f Y

Having thus described the invention, what I claim is Y l l. A burner of the character specified comprising a nozzle having a central bore closed at its outer end, and having longitudinal ports exterior to the central bore constricted intermediate their ends, and having openings connecting the bore with the constricted portions of the ports.

2. A burner of the character specied comprising a nozzle having a central bore closed at its outer end, and having longitudinal ports exterior to the central bore with their opposite end portions outwardly flared, and having openings connectin the boe with the ports intermediate their ared en s.

3. An oil or gas burner including a nozzle having a plurality of longitudinally ex-v tending discharge ports provided with restricted central portions and outwardly Haring front and rear portions, and said nozzle having apertures establishing communication between the interor thereof and the restricted portions of the ports.

4. An oil or gas burner including a nozzle having a plurality of discharge ports of various depths, and the nozzle having apertures establishing communication between the interior thereof and the ports.

5. An oil or gas burner including a nozzle having a plurality of discharge ports of various depthsI provided with restricted portions, and the nozzle having apertures establishing. communication between the interior thereof and the restricted portions of the ports.

6. An oil or gas burner comprisin a casing, a fuel supply pipe located wit in and spaced from the casing, a nozzle located within the casing and having its front end vclosed and communicating at its rear end with the fuel supply. pipe, and relatively spaced front and rear ribs carried by the nozzle and engaging the inner wall of the Acasing to support the nozzle in s aced relation to the casin and to provi e the nozzle with a plurallty of discharge ports, and the nozzle having apertures establishing communication between the interior thereof and the discharge ports.

In testimony whereof If affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALFRED G. SCHUMANN.

Witnesses:

Riemann P. SOHUMANN, JACOB E. Genome. 

